Stone Vessels in the Levant
Cover -- Dedication -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of Illustrations -- List of Tables -- CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION -- 1 'On the backs of giants': previous stone vessel research -- 2 Defining the research parameters -- 3 Problems inherent in the dataset -- 4 A...
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| Format: | Electronic Book |
| Language: | English |
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Leeds
Taylor and Francis
2007
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| In: | Year: 2007 |
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Volltext (Aggregator) |
| Parallel Edition: | Print version: Sparks, RachaelThyrza: Stone Vessels in the Levant. - Leeds : Taylor and Francis,c2007. - 9781904350972 |
| Summary: | Cover -- Dedication -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- List of Illustrations -- List of Tables -- CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION -- 1 'On the backs of giants': previous stone vessel research -- 2 Defining the research parameters -- 3 Problems inherent in the dataset -- 4 A longer than usual life-cycle: the impact of heirlooms and tomb looting on vessel chronology -- 5 Inscribed stone vessels: blessing or curse? -- CHAPTER TWO IMPORTED STONE VESSELS -- 1 Minoan stone vessels -- 1.1 Minoan forms found in the Levant -- 1.1.1 Lamps -- 1.1.2 Tables -- 1.1.3 Cups -- 1.1.4 Small bowls or jars -- 1.1.5 Fragmentary examples of possible Minoan origin -- 1.2 Minoan decorative elements -- 1.3 The significance of Minoan imports in the levant -- 2 Cypriot stone vessels -- 3 Egyptian stone vessels -- 3.1 Egyptian forms found in the Levant -- 3.1.1 Rectangular palettes -- 3.1.2 Plates -- 3.1.3 Bowls -- 3.1.3.1 Hemispherical bowls -- 3.1.3.2 Carinated bowls -- 3.1.3.3. Zoomorphic bowls -- 3.1.4 'Swimming-girl' spoons -- 3.1.5 Pyxides -- 3.1.6 Tazze -- 3.1.7 Goblets -- 3.1.8 Alabastra -- 3.1.8.1 Drop-shaped alabastra -- 3.1.8.2 Conical alabastra -- 3.1.8.2.1 Conical alabastra with funnel-shaped mouths -- 3.1.8.2.2 Conical alabastra with broad flat-topped rim -- 3.1.8.2.3 Conical alabastra with lug handles above rim -- 3.1.8.2.4 Fragmentary conical alabastra -- 3.1.9 Jugs and juglets -- 3.1.9.1 High shouldered juglets (type 1) -- 3.1.9.2 Dipper juglets (type 2) -- 3.1.9.3 Juglets with alabastra-shaped bodies (type 3) -- 3.1.9.4 Juglets imitating Cypriot base-ring ware (type 4) -- 3.1.9.5 Ovoid juglets (type 5) -- 3.1.9.6. Piriform juglets (type 6) -- 3.1.9.7 Broad-mouthed jugs (type 7) -- 3.1.10 Stirrup jars -- 3.1.11 Flasks -- 3.1.12 Pilgrim flasks -- 3.1.13 Tube jars -- 3.1.13.1 Simple tube with upright sides (type 1) 3-1.13.2 Skeuomorphic vessels (type 2) -- 3.1.13.3 Monkey holding tube-shaped jar (type 3) -- 3.1.14 Cylindrical jars -- 3.1.15 Shouldered cylindrical jars -- 3-1.16 Jars of archaic form -- 3.1.17 Small piriform jars -- 3.1.18 Drop jars -- 3.1.19 Ovoid jars -- 3.1.20 Footed jars -- 3.1.20.1 Footed jars without handles (type 1) -- 3.1.20.2 Footed jars with horizontal loop handles (type 2) -- 3.1.21 Amphorae -- 3.1.22 Fish-shaped jars -- 3.1.23 Anthropomorphic statue jars -- 3.1.24 Stands -- 3.1.25 Lids -- 3.1.26 Diagnostic fragments of Egyptian type -- 3.1.26.1 Egyptian rim types -- 3.1.26.2 Egyptian handle types -- 3.1.26.3 Egyptian base sherds -- 3.2 Egyptian decorative styles -- 3.2.1 Incised decoration -- 3.2.2 Incision with inlaid colour -- 3.2.3 Painted decoration -- 3.2.4 Added metal -- 3.2.5 Sculpted decoration -- 3.2.6 Egyptian stone vessels with orientalising decoration -- 3.3 Features characteristic of Egyptian workshops -- 3.4 Egyptian palace or temple workshops -- 3.5 Levantine influences on Egyptian stone vessel workshops: Egyptian versus 'Egyptianising'. -- CHAPTER THREE LOCAL STONE VESSELS -- 1 Palestinian gypsum vessels -- 1.1 The development of Palestinian stone vessel forms -- 1.1.1 Plates -- 1.1.2 Bowls -- 1.1.2.1 Everted bowls -- 1.1.2.2 Hemispherical bowls -- 1.1.2.3 Carinated bowls -- 1.1.2.4 Ram's-head handled bowls -- 1.1.3 Semi-circular pyxides or bowls -- 1.1.4 Lug-handled pyxides -- 1.1.5 Tazze -- 1.1.6 Goblets -- 1.1.7 Alabastra -- 1.1.7.1 Drop-shaped alabastra -- 1.1.7.2 Conical alabastra -- 1.1.8 Bottles -- 1.1.9 Jugs and juglets -- 1.1.9.1 Unfinished juglets -- 1.1.9.2 Juglets with high rounded shoulders (type 1) -- 1.1.9.3 Dipper juglets (type 2) -- 1.1.9.4 Juglets with alabastra-shaped bodies (type 3) -- 1.1.9.5 Globular juglets (type 4) -- 1.1.9.6 Spouted jugs -- 1.1.10 Flasks -- 1.1.11 Pilgrim flasks 1.1.12 Shouldered cylindrical jars -- 1.1.13 Squat jars -- 1.1.14 Lug-handled jars -- 1.1.15 Stoppers -- 1.1.16 Diagnostic fragments -- 1.2 Palestinian decorative styles -- 1.2.1 Palestine decorative styles of the MBII-LBI period -- 1.2.1.1 The Jericho group -- 1.2.1.2 The Pella group -- 1.2.2 Palestinian decorative styles of the Late Bronze and early Iron Age -- 1.3 Influence and interaction: the impact of other products on the development of the Palestinian gypsum vessel industry -- 2 Syrian stone vessels -- 2.1 The royal workshop at Atchana -- 2.2 Syrian serpentine workshops -- 2.3 Chlorite workshops at Ras Shamra -- 2.3.1 Bowls -- 2.3.2 Miniature cups -- 2.3.3 Alabastra -- 2.3.4 Diagnostic fragments -- 3 Levantine groundstone vessels and installations -- 3.1 The development of Levantine stone vessel forms -- 3.1.1 Plates -- 3.1.2 Bowls -- 3.1.2.1 Everted bowls -- 3.1.2.2 Carinated bowls -- 3.1.2.3 Pedestal bowls -- 3.1.2.4 Deep upright bowls or cups -- 3.1.2.5 Tripod bowls -- 3.1.3 Mortar bowls -- 3.1.3.1 Upright mortar bowls -- 3.1.3.2 Everted mortar bowls -- 3.1.3.3 Triangular mortar bowls or lamps -- 3.1.3.4 Pedestal mortar bowls -- 3.1.3.5 Tripod mortar bowls -- 3.1.3.6 Footed mortar bowls with four legs -- 3.1.4 Mortars -- 3.1.5 Pot bellows -- 3.1.6 Funnels and tuyères -- 3.1.7 Basins -- 3.1.8 Tables -- 3.1.9 Lids and stoppers -- 3.1.10 Diagnostic fragments -- 3.2 Levantine decorative styles -- 3.2.1 Decorated temple installations -- 3.2.2 Decorated plates and bowls -- 3.3 The characteristics of Levantine stone vessel workshops -- 4 Vessels of uncertain origin -- 5 The relationships between stone vessel workshops and craftsmen working with other materials -- 6 The influence of imported forms on local stone workshops -- CHAPTER FOUR MATERIALS AND SOURCES -- 1 Introduction 2 The relationship between sources of raw materials and the development of stone vessel workshops -- 2.1 Organising access to raw materials -- 2.2 Collection methods -- 2.3 Trade in raw materials -- 3 Materials appearing in the stone vessel repertoires of the Levant -- 3.1 Soft sedimentary and metamorphic stones (Mohs 1-2.5) -- 3.1.1 Chalk -- 3.1.2 Chlorite and steatite -- 3.1.3 Gypsum -- 3.2 Moderate to hard sedimentary and metamorphic stones (Mohs 3-7) -- 3.2.1 Breccia -- 3.2.2 Calcite -- 3.2.3 Gneiss -- 3.2.4 Limestone -- 3.2.5 Marble -- 3.2.6 Quartzite and quartzitic sandstones -- 3.2.7 Sandstone -- 3.2.8 Schist -- 3.2.9 Serpentine -- 3.2.10 Siltstone -- 3.2.11 Slate -- 3.3 Hard igneous stones (Mohs 5-7) -- 3.3.1 Anorthosite -- 3.3.2 Basalt -- 3.3.3 Diorite -- 3.3.4 Gabbro -- 3.3.5 Granite -- 3.3.6 Lava -- 3.3.7 Obsidian -- 3.3.8 Porphyritic stones -- 3.3.9 Pumice -- 3.3.10 Trachyte -- 3.4 Minerals and semi-precious stones (Mohs 5-7) -- 3.4.1 Agate -- 3.4.2 Carnelian -- 3.4.3 Hematite -- 3.4.4 Jasper -- 3.4.5 Sardonyx -- 4 Composite vessels made of several materials. -- 5 Textual references to stone types -- 6 Overview of material use in stone vessel workshops -- 6.1 Comparative frequency of materials -- 6.2 Chronological aspects of material use -- 6.3 Relationship of material to shape -- 6.4 Relationship of material to technology -- 6.5 Production centres and material use -- 7 Conclusions -- CHAPTER FIVE STONE VESSEL WORKPLACES -- 1 Relationship of workshops to external authorities -- 2 Workplace remains -- 2.1 In-situ workshop evidence -- 2.2 Unfinished vessels and wasters out of their original context -- 2.2.1 The unfinished Minoan lamp from Atchana -- 2.2.2 Unfinished vessel wasters and blanks from Beth Shan -- 2.3 Manufacturing debris and debitage -- 3 Comparing modern and ancient workplaces -- 3.1 Meshhed workshop -- 3.2 Gurneh workshop 3.3 Comparative rates of production in modern stone vessel workshops -- 3.4 Production modes in ancient stone vessel workshops -- 4 Conclusions -- CHAPTER SIX THE TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY BEHIND STONE VESSEL MANUFACTURE -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Drill technology -- 2.1 Drill mechanisms -- 2.2 Drill bits -- 2.3 Abrasive powder -- 2.4 Lubricants -- 2.5 Evidence for use of the drill in the Levant -- 3 Cutting tools -- 4 Compasses -- 5 The lathe -- 6 Smoothing and polishing tools and agents -- 7 A regional survey of manufacturing techniques -- 7.1 Egypt -- 7.1.1 Egyptian drill-made vessels -- 7.1.2 Egyptian chisel-made vessels -- 7.2 Minoan Crete -- 7.2.1 Minoan drill-made vessels -- 7.2.2 Minoan chisel-made vessels -- 7.3 Cyprus -- 7.4 The Levant -- 7.4.1 Syrian drill-made vessels -- 7.4.2 Syrian chisel-made vessels -- 7.4.3 Palestinian chisel-made vessels -- 7.4.4 Levantine groundstone -- 8 Conclusions -- CHAPTER SEVEN DISTRIBUTION -- 1 South Coastal Plain and northeastern Sinai -- 1.1 Tell Abu Salima -- 1.2 Deir el-Balah -- 1.3 Tell el-'Ajjul -- 1.4 Tell Far'ah South -- 1.5 Tell Sera -- 1.6 Tell Nagila -- 1.7 Tell el-Hesi -- 1.8 Ashdod -- 1.9 Tell Miqne (Ekron) -- 1.10 Palmahim -- 1.11 Dhahrat el-Humraiya -- 1.12 El-Jisr and Nebi Rubin -- 2 Sharon Plain -- 2.1 Tell Qasile -- 2.2 Tell Michal -- 2.3 Barqai -- 2.4 Tell Mevorakh -- 3 Judean Hills -- 3.1 Tell Beit Mirsim -- 3.2 Lachish -- 3.3 Tell Jedur -- 3.4 Khirbet Kufin -- 3.5 Ain Shems -- 3.6 Jerusalem -- 3.7 Manahat -- 3.8 Nahalat Ahim -- 3.9 Moza 'Illit -- 3.10 Gezer -- 3.11 Gibeon -- 4 Samarian Hills -- 4.1 Shiloh -- 4.2 Shechem -- 4.3 Mount Ebal -- 4.4 Tell el-Far'ah -- 5 Jezreel Valley -- 5.1 Taanach -- 5.2 Megiddo -- 5.3 'Afula -- 5.4 Tell Qiri -- 6 The Plain of Akko and Western Galilee -- 6.1 Tell Abu Hawam -- 6.2 Akko -- 7 Jordan Valley -- 7.1 Beth Shan -- 7.2 Pella -- 7.3 Tell es-Sa'idiyeh 7.4 Deir 'Alla |
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| ISBN: | 135154778X |