Kant on the Epistemology of Indirect Mystical Experience

While numerous commentators have discussed Kant’s views on mysticism in general, very few of them have examined Kant’s specific views on different types of mystical experience. I suggest that Kant’s views on direct mystical experience (DME) differ substantially from his views on indirect mystical ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Maharaj, Ayon (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: Springer Netherlands [2017]
In: Sophia
Year: 2017, Volume: 56, Issue: 2, Pages: 311-336
RelBib Classification:AB Philosophy of religion; criticism of religion; atheism
CB Christian life; spirituality
TJ Modern history
Further subjects:B philosophy of religion
B Epistemology
B Mysticism
B Swedenborg
B Mystical Experience
B Kant
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520 |a While numerous commentators have discussed Kant’s views on mysticism in general, very few of them have examined Kant’s specific views on different types of mystical experience. I suggest that Kant’s views on direct mystical experience (DME) differ substantially from his views on indirect mystical experience (IME). In this paper, I focus on Kant’s complex views on IME in both his pre-critical and critical writings and lectures. In the first section, I examine Kant’s early work, Dreams of a Spirit-Seer (1766), where he defends the possibility that the Swedish mystic Emanuel Swedenborg’s alleged visions of the spirit-world are veridical cases of IME. In the second section, I discuss Kant’s views on IME during his critical period. I first argue that the epistemology of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason (1781) accommodates the possibility of IME. I then examine Kant’s views on Swedenborgian visions in his lectures from the 1770s to the 1790s and argue that his critical views on Swedenborg are largely continuous with his pre-critical views in Dreams. Finally, I examine passages in Kant’s late works, Religion within the Bounds of Reason Alone (1793) and The Conflict of the Faculties (1798), where he discusses three non-Swedenborgian types of IME. In the final section, I explore briefly how Kant’s views on IME relate to contemporary debates among analytic philosophers of religion regarding the nature and possibility of mystical experience. 
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