Al-Ghazalis Position on the Second Proof of the Philosophers for the Eternity of the World, in the First Discussion of the Incoherence of the Philosophers
In the Incoherence of the Philosophers, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058-1111) raised objections against the doctrine of the philosophers (represented chiefly by al-Farabi and Ibn Sina) on 20 specific points. In the first, and longest discussion, he examines and rebuts four of their proofs of the pre-et...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
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| Published: |
Springer Netherlands
[2015]
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| In: |
Sophia
Year: 2015, Volume: 54, Issue: 4, Pages: 429-441 |
| RelBib Classification: | BJ Islam NBC Doctrine of God NBD Doctrine of Creation TG High Middle Ages VA Philosophy |
| Further subjects: | B
Islamic Philosophy
B Creation B Incoherence of the incoherence B Ibn Rushd B Incoherence of the philosophers B Al-Ghazali B Time B Eternity B Kalām |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (Verlag) Volltext (doi) |
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| 520 | |a In the Incoherence of the Philosophers, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058-1111) raised objections against the doctrine of the philosophers (represented chiefly by al-Farabi and Ibn Sina) on 20 specific points. In the first, and longest discussion, he examines and rebuts four of their proofs of the pre-eternity of the worldthat is, that the universe as a whole had no beginning but extends perpetually into the past. Al-Ghazali rejects that doctrine. But his own position on the issue does not become clear until he discusses the philosophers second proof. In this paper, I will examine the relevant text of the Incoherence of the Philosophers, in order to clarify the nature of Al-Ghazalis position in relation to the second proof. I will explain why Al-Ghazali cannot adopt what I refer to as the naïve theological position, according to which God temporally preceded the world. Instead, Al-Ghazali concurs with the philosophers that time is the measure of motion, but he asserts that time was created with the world, both having a beginning before which there was no time. God, on the other hand, is not temporally prior to the world, but neither is he simultaneous, as the second proof supposes. As timelessly eternal, God bears no temporal relation to the world at all. In conclusion, I describe what I refer to as a naïve philosophical position, which is entailed by the second proof, but distinct from both Al-Ghazalis position and that adopted by Ibn Rushd in his critique of Al-Ghazali in the Incoherence of the Incoherence. I argue that this naïve philosophical position (and thus, the second proof) is incoherent. | ||
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